fluid and electrolyte balance pdf

Fluids and Electrolytes ... Water balance in the presence of sodium concentration, or hyperosmolarity, is controlled by hypothalamic antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and thirst response. Can I Electrolytes help maintain the balance of water in the body compartments. ; Electrolytes in body fluids are active chemicals or cations that carry positive charges and anions that carry negative charges. Many factors, such as illness, injury, surgery, and treatments, can disrupt a patient’s fluid and electrolyte balance. Fluids and Electrolytes Thursday, November 8, 2018 4:45 PM Table for Fluid Balance Can I Q Fluid Balance 1. REGULATION OF FLUID & ELECTROLYTE BALANCE The kidney is the primary organ that maintains the total volume, pH, and osmolarity of the extracellular fluid within narrow limits. Fluid and electrolyte balance is a dynamic process that is crucial for life and homeostasis. The kidney, in turn, is … and water balance, an understanding of which has major implications in clinical practice. Despite salt and water balance being so fundamental for homeostatic control, knowledge and practice of fluid and electrolyte therapy has been shown to be appallingly poor among many health care profes-sionals. 7 •Issue 3 • Page 21Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Nurses’ early recognition of imbalances often can prevent complications By Tamara Kear, MSN, RN, CNN Balancing fluid and electrolytes can be challenging for healthy individuals, but maintaining this balance is harder for sick patients. Nursing care plan and goals for fluid and electrolyte imbalances include: maintaining fluid volume at a functional level, patient exhibits normal laboratory values, demonstrates appropriate changes in lifestyle and behaviors including eating patterns and food quantity/quality, re-establishing and maintaining normal pattern and GI functioning. Electrolytes affect the amount of water, the acidity of blood (pH), muscle function, and other important processes in the body There are six major electrolytes • Sodium – Na+ Major cation in extracellular fluid (ECF) • Potassium – K+ Major cation in intracellular fluid (ICF) • Calcium – Ca++ Major cation found in ECF and teeth and bones The two work together to maintain the balance. The kidney accomplishes this by altering urine volume and osmolarity. The Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Act. While the water or fluids are moved in and out depending on need or activity, the body can also move the electrolytes. Even a patient with a minor illness is at risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalance. The total number of dissolved substances is the same inside and outside a cell, but the composition of the fluids differs between compartments. Early recognition of imbalances and prompt intervention often prevents further … Fluid occupies almost 60% of the weight of an adult. ; Body fluid is located in two fluid compartments: the intracellular space and the extracellular space. POTASSIUM BALANCE The ratio of ICF:ECF K + concentration ∼38:1 Maintained by basolateral Na +, K +-ATPase pump To maintain the steady state, K + ingestion should be matched with excretion K+ secretion at distal convoluted tubule and cortical ducts – main contributor to K+ excretion View Fluids and Electrolytes.pdf from NURS 306 at University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Inside our cells is potassium and outside the cells is the sodium. To maintain water balance a cell controls the movement of electrolytes to keep the total number of dissolved particles, calledosmolality the same inside and outside (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). Vol. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances Fluid and electrolyte balance is essential for health. Hyperosmolality and volume depletion are sensed in part by baroreceptors in the carotids, aorta and heart and contribute

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